Lionel Terray (Grenoble, 25 July 1921 - Arêtes du Gerbier, 19 September 1965) was a French mountaineer.
He was the first to make several ascents, including the first ascent of Makalu with Jean Couzy in May 15, 1955 and the first ascent of Fitz Roy in the Andes, with Guido Magnone in 1952, during which French alpinist Jacques Poincenot died.

He starts mountain activity at a very early age, in fact at three and a half years old he is already on skis and at eleven he makes the first climb near Grenoble.

He participates in the Second World War in the French resistance with the famous Compagnie Stéphane on the Maurienne front.

After the conflict, he became known as one of Chamonix's best climbers and guides, noted for his rapid ascent of some of the most famous peaks in the French, Italian and Swiss Alps: Punta Walker delle Grandes Jorasses, the south face of the Aiguille Noire of the Peuterey group, the north-east face of Pizzo Badile Val Bregaglia and the north face of the Eiger.