The woods, that seems to be such an unchangeable and natural part of our mountain landscape, are the result of a slow adaptation to the climate, soil and human needs. They are the result of a physical, biological and anthropic equilibrium that, nowadays, has to be controlled by forestry work that provides a greater stability and naturalness compatible with the environment. In fact it is not necessary to increase the woodland at all costs. It is more important to improve the vegetable association that already exist by respecting their naturalistic and productive chracteristic and functions that are suited to each altitude. In the wood on the mountains and highlands, where the productivity is highest, forestry management can help the development and stability of the woodland and prevent the excessive growth of trees, their debility and the increase of a few dominant species. In a wood that has not become a purely artificial cultivation, the fauna is also extremely important, both as an active component of the biological community and as an indication of the maturity and richness of the forestal ecosystem.